Starter Feed Guide for Backyard Chickens: What to Feed and When

Baby chicks need a high-protein starter feed from day one. Starter feed typically runs 18 to 20 percent protein to support rapid muscle and feather development. You will find two types on the shelf: medicated and non-medicated. Medicated chick starter contains a coccidiostat to help protect young birds against coccidiosis, a common intestinal disease. If your chicks were already vaccinated against coccidiosis, non-medicated starter may be the better fit. When in doubt, ask a knowledgeable staffer at your local chicken feed store for guidance.

Once chicks reach about eight weeks, transition to a grower feed. Grower rations carry slightly lower protein, often 15 to 17 percent, to support steady development without pushing birds too fast. Make the switch gradually over several days by mixing old and new feeds.

When pullets approach 18 weeks or show signs of laying, switch to layer feed. Layer feed is formulated with added calcium, typically 3 to 4 percent, to support strong eggshell production. Do not feed layer rations to younger birds, as elevated calcium may stress their developing kidneys.

Chickens use grit stored in their gizzard to grind feed and whole grains. Free-ranging birds often pick up enough naturally, but confined birds benefit from a supplemental grit supply kept available at all times. A well-stocked chicken feed store will carry options suited to different flock sizes and ages.

Even with layer feed, high-producing hens may benefit from extra calcium. Crushed oyster shell offered in a separate dish lets hens self-regulate intake. This is especially helpful during Butler County's colder months, when hens rely entirely on what you provide.

Butler County winters bring humidity and freezing temperatures that can affect feed quality. Store bags in a sealed metal or hard plastic container to block rodents and moisture. Keep feed off concrete floors and away from exterior walls, where condensation collects. Fresh feed typically lasts four to six weeks, so buy quantities your flock can consume within that window.